Maslow’s Hierarchy Theory
It states that human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and one must fulfill the lowest level before the next level is aroused. However, the levels fulfilled vary between individuals. People are basically trustworthy, self-protecting, and self-governing and they tend toward growth & love. Although there’re human wars, murder, deceit, etc. Violence is not in human nature. Violence and other evils occur when human needs are thwarted. In other words, people who are deprived of lower needs such as safety may defend themselves by violent means.
According to Maslow, there are general types of needs (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a person can act unselfishly. He called these needs "deficiency needs." As one desire is satisfied, another pops up to take its place.
Physiological
Physiological needs are our very basic needs such as air, water, food, sleep, sex, etc. When these are not satisfied we may feel sickness, irritation, pain, discomfort, etc.
Safety
Safety needs have to do with establishing stability and consistency in a chaotic world. We need safety, security & protection from danger. Well, it's juz like having a sense of security with my family or the protection from law & order.
Love
Next is social love & friendship, like having my family, friends & KH. Humans have a desire to belong to groups: clubs, work groups, religious groups, family, gangs, etc. We need to feel loved (non-sexual) by others, to be accepted by others.
<3 The greatest thing you’ll ever learn is just to love and be loved in return ~ from Moulin Rouge <3
Esteem
Self-esteem results from competence or mastery of a task. This refers to the need of self respect, status needs, prestige & reputation.
Self-actualization
The need for self-actualization is "the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming.” In other words, is to achieve one self potential.
McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory
It states that every individual has 3 basic types of needs or drives. Their need of achievement, the need of power, the need of affiliation.
Achievement
A person with high achievement need tends to excel in competitive environment & enjoys challenges thrive on performance in complex and stimulating environments. Like situations where independence responsibility & autonomy prevail exhibits an entrepreneurial attitude.
Power
A person with a strong need of power desires to influence & controls others. This type of ppl has a strong sense of responsibility for control of others. They are more comfortable in executive decision making. More suited to manage others than an achiever.
Affiliation
A person with a strong need of affiliation has the desire to associate others in a friendly environment. These ppl prefer a friendly participative work environment. Interaction is highly valued by this type of people. Though they does not contribute to effective management, they provide a more conducive atmosphere for the subordinates.
The theory states that all 3 needs exist in all of us BUT at any time only 1 need will dominate. Our needs change depend on the person's experience, culture & family upbringing.
